Target Information

General Information of This Target
Target ID
BTDT10206
Target Name
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2
Target Bioclass
Transporter and channel
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N.A.
Toxin Information Related to This Target
                           Toxin Name Activity Data Type Activity Data Reference
 Toxin Info    Venom peptide Sh41 Effect . [1]
 Toxin Info    Venom peptide Sh42 Effect . [1]
 Toxin Info    U-scoloptoxin(15)-Sm2a Effect . [2], [3]
 Toxin Info    Mu-thomitoxin-Hme1c Inhibition rate . [4], [5]
 Toxin Info    Neurotoxic enhancer CSTX-13 Inhibition rate . [6], [7], [8], [9]
 Toxin Info    Delta/kappa-actitoxin-Avd4a Inhibition rate . [10- 15]
 Toxin Info    Toxin PhcrTx2 Inhibition rate . [16]
 Toxin Info    Potassium channel toxin alpha-KTx 1.16 Inhibition rate . [17], [18]
 Toxin Info    Potassium channel toxin alpha-KTx 1.17 Inhibition rate . [17], [18]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-actitoxin-Ael2a Inhibition rate . [13- 24]
 Toxin Info    Beta/kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg1a Inhibition rate . [25- 29]
 Toxin Info    Potassium channel toxin kappa-KTx 1.2 Inhibition rate . [30- 34]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg2a Inhibition rate
15 %
 [26- 35]
 Toxin Info    Delta-theraphotoxin-Hm1a Inhibition rate
39 %
 [36], [37], [38], [39]
 Toxin Info    Potassium channel toxin alpha-KTx 15.3 Inhibition rate
40 %
 [40- 44]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg1a 1 Inhibition rate
42 %
 [27- 46]
 Toxin Info    U21-theraphotoxin-Cg1b Inhibition rate
53 %
 [26], [27]
 Toxin Info    Potassium channel toxin alpha-KTx 15.3 Inhibition rate
80-90 %
 [40- 44]
 Toxin Info    Beta/kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg2a Inhibition rate
90 %
 [26- 49]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg1a 4 Inhibition rate
Moderate .
 [26- 46]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg1a 6 Inhibition rate
Moderate .
 [26- 46]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg1a 1 Inhibition rate
Moderate .
 [27- 46]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg1a 3 Inhibition rate
Moderate .
 [26- 46]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg1a 5 Inhibition rate
Moderate .
 [26- 46]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg1a 2 Inhibition rate
Moderate .
 [26- 46]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Sc1a IC50
1.2 nM
 [36]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Ps1a IC50
5 nM
 [50], [51], [52]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Ps1b IC50
34 nM
 [50]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Tb1a IC50
193 nM
 [53], [54]
 Toxin Info    Potassium channel toxin TsTXK-beta IC50
313 nM
 [55- 61]
 Toxin Info    Beta/kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg2a IC50
604.2 nM
 [26- 62]
 Toxin Info    Beta/kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg2a IC50
604.2 nM
 [26- 49]
 Toxin Info    Potassium channel toxin TsTXK-beta IC50
652 nM
 [55- 61]
References
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Ref 4 Structure of membrane-active toxin from crab spider Heriaeus melloteei suggests parallel evolution of sodium channel gating modifiers in Araneomorphae and Mygalomorphae. J Biol Chem. 2015 Jan 2;290(1):492-504. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.595678. Epub 2014 Oct 28.
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Ref 11 Modulation of Kv3 subfamily potassium currents by the sea anemone toxin BDS: significance for CNS and biophysical studies. J Neurosci. 2005 Sep 21;25(38):8735-45. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2119-05.2005.
Ref 12 Modulation of neuronal sodium channels by the sea anemone peptide BDS-I. J Neurophysiol. 2012 Jun;107(11):3155-67. doi: 10.1152/jn.00785.2011. Epub 2012 Mar 21.
Ref 13 Development of a rational nomenclature for naming peptide and protein toxins from sea anemones. Toxicon. 2012 Sep 15;60(4):539-50. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.05.020. Epub 2012 Jun 5.
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Ref 16 PhcrTx2, a New Crab-Paralyzing Peptide Toxin from the Sea Anemone Phymanthus crucifer. Toxins (Basel). 2018 Feb 7;10(2):72. doi: 10.3390/toxins10020072.
Ref 17 Variability of Potassium Channel Blockers in Mesobuthus eupeus Scorpion Venom with Focus on Kv1.1: AN INTEGRATED TRANSCRIPTOMIC AND PROTEOMIC STUDY. J Biol Chem. 2015 May 8;290(19):12195-209. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.637611. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
Ref 18 K(V)1.2 channel-specific blocker from Mesobuthus eupeus scorpion venom: Structural basis of selectivity. Neuropharmacology. 2018 Dec;143:228-238. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.09.030. Epub 2018 Sep 22.
Ref 19 APETx1, a new toxin from the sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima, blocks voltage-gated human ether-a-go-go-related gene potassium channels. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Jul;64(1):59-69. doi: 10.1124/mol.64.1.59.
Ref 20 Species diversity and peptide toxins blocking selectivity of ether-a-go-go-related gene subfamily K+ channels in the central nervous system. Mol Pharmacol. 2006 May;69(5):1673-83. doi: 10.1124/mol.105.019729. Epub 2006 Feb 23.
Ref 21 APETx1 from sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima is a gating modifier peptide toxin of the human ether-a-go-go- related potassium channel. Mol Pharmacol. 2007 Aug;72(2):259-68. doi: 10.1124/mol.107.035840. Epub 2007 May 1.
Ref 22 A natural point mutation changes both target selectivity and mechanism of action of sea anemone toxins. FASEB J. 2012 Dec;26(12):5141-51. doi: 10.1096/fj.12-218479. Epub 2012 Sep 12.
Ref 23 Defensin-neurotoxin dyad in a basally branching metazoan sea anemone. FEBS J. 2017 Oct;284(19):3320-3338. doi: 10.1111/febs.14194. Epub 2017 Sep 6.
Ref 24 Solution structure of APETx1 from the sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima: a new fold for an HERG toxin. Proteins. 2005 May 1;59(2):380-6. doi: 10.1002/prot.20425.
Ref 25 Jingzhaotoxin-III, a novel spider toxin inhibiting activation of voltage-gated sodium channel in rat cardiac myocytes. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jun 18;279(25):26220-6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M401387200. Epub 2004 Apr 14.
Ref 26 Molecular diversity and evolution of cystine knot toxins of the tarantula Chilobrachys jingzhao. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2008 Aug;65(15):2431-44. doi: 10.1007/s00018-008-8135-x.
Ref 27 Proteomic and peptidomic analysis of the venom from Chinese tarantula Chilobrachys jingzhao. Proteomics. 2007 Jun;7(11):1892-907. doi: 10.1002/pmic.200600785.
Ref 28 Effects and mechanism of Chinese tarantula toxins on the Kv2.1 potassium channels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Jan 19;352(3):799-804. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.11.086. Epub 2006 Nov 27.
Ref 29 Solution structure of Jingzhaotoxin-III, a peptide toxin inhibiting both Nav1.5 and Kv2.1 channels. Toxicon. 2007 Jul;50(1):135-43. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.03.006. Epub 2007 Mar 16.
Ref 30 kappa-Hefutoxin1, a novel toxin from the scorpion Heterometrus fulvipes with unique structure and function. Importance of the functional diad in potassium channel selectivity. J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 16;277(33):30040-7. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111258200. Epub 2002 May 28.
Ref 31 Synthesis and characterization of amino acid deletion analogs of -hefutoxin 1, a scorpion toxin on potassium channels. Toxicon. 2013 Sep;71:25-30. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.05.010. Epub 2013 May 29.
Ref 32 Expanding the pharmacological profile of -hefutoxin 1 and analogues: A focus on the inhibitory effect on the oncogenic channel K(v)10.1. Peptides. 2017 Dec;98:43-50. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.08.008. Epub 2016 Aug 28.
Ref 33 Assignment of voltage-gated potassium channel blocking activity to kappa-KTx1.3, a non-toxic homologue of kappa-hefutoxin-1, from Heterometrus spinifer venom. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Feb 15;69(4):669-78. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2004.10.018. Epub 2004 Dec 29.
Ref 34 Screening, large-scale production and structure-based classification of cystine-dense peptides. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2018 Mar;25(3):270-278. doi: 10.1038/s41594-018-0033-9. Epub 2018 Feb 26.
Ref 35 Jingzhaotoxin-XII, a gating modifier specific for Kv4.1 channels. Toxicon. 2007 Oct;50(5):646-52. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.05.009. Epub 2007 Jun 3.
Ref 36 Novel tarantula toxins for subtypes of voltage-dependent potassium channels in the Kv2 and Kv4 subfamilies. Mol Pharmacol. 2002 Jul;62(1):48-57. doi: 10.1124/mol.62.1.48.
Ref 37 Selective spider toxins reveal a role for the Nav1.1 channel in mechanical pain. Nature. 2016 Jun 23;534(7608):494-9. doi: 10.1038/nature17976. Epub 2016 Jun 6.
Ref 38 A selective Na(V)1.1 activator with potential for treatment of Dravet syndrome epilepsy. Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Nov;181:113991. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113991. Epub 2020 Apr 23.
Ref 39 Selective Na(V)1.1 activation rescues Dravet syndrome mice from seizures and premature death. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Aug 21;115(34):E8077-E8085. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1804764115. Epub 2018 Aug 3.
Ref 40 Expanding the scorpion toxin alpha-KTX 15 family with AmmTX3 from Androctonus mauretanicus. Eur J Biochem. 2002 Dec;269(24):6037-41. doi: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03294.x.
Ref 41 A common "hot spot" confers hERG blockade activity to alpha-scorpion toxins affecting K+ channels. Biochem Pharmacol. 2008 Sep 15;76(6):805-15. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.07.008. Epub 2008 Jul 18.
Ref 42 Dipeptidyl-peptidase-like-proteins confer high sensitivity to the scorpion toxin AmmTX3 to Kv4-mediated A-type K+ channels. J Physiol. 2013 May 15;591(10):2419-27. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.248831. Epub 2013 Feb 25.
Ref 43 Kv4 channel blockade reduces motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms in rodent models of Parkinson's disease. Behav Pharmacol. 2015 Feb;26(1-2):91-100. doi: 10.1097/FBP.0000000000000107.
Ref 44 Synthesis by native chemical ligation and characterization of the scorpion toxin AmmTx3. Bioorg Med Chem. 2019 Jan 1;27(1):247-253. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.12.009. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Ref 45 Solution structure and functional characterization of jingzhaotoxin-XI: a novel gating modifier of both potassium and sodium channels. Biochemistry. 2006 Dec 26;45(51):15591-600. doi: 10.1021/bi061457+.
Ref 46 The tarantula toxin jingzhaotoxin-XI (-theraphotoxin-Cj1a) regulates the activation and inactivation of the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5. Toxicon. 2014 Dec 15;92:6-13. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.09.002. Epub 2014 Sep 18.
Ref 47 Isolation and characterization of Jingzhaotoxin-V, a novel neurotoxin from the venom of the spider Chilobrachys jingzhao. Toxicon. 2007 Mar 1;49(3):388-99. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.10.012. Epub 2006 Nov 6.
Ref 48 Molecular surface of JZTX-V (-Theraphotoxin-Cj2a) interacting with voltage-gated sodium channel subtype NaV1.4. Toxins (Basel). 2014 Jul 23;6(7):2177-93. doi: 10.3390/toxins6072177.
Ref 49 Pharmacological characterization of potent and selective NaV1.7 inhibitors engineered from Chilobrachys jingzhao tarantula venom peptide JzTx-V. PLoS One. 2018 May 3;13(5):e0196791. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196791. eCollection 2018.
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Ref 63 Inhibition of Kv2.1 Potassium Channels by MiDCA1, A Pre-Synaptically Active PLA(2)-Type Toxin from Micrurus dumerilii carinicauda Coral Snake Venom. Toxins (Basel). 2019 Jun 12;11(6):335. doi: 10.3390/toxins11060335.
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