General Information of This Target
Target ID
BTDT10208
Target Name
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3
Target Bioclass
Transporter and channel
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N.A.
Toxin Information Related to This Target
                           Toxin Name Activity Data Type Activity Data Reference
 Toxin Info    Venom peptide Sh41 Effect . [1]
 Toxin Info    Venom peptide Sh42 Effect . [1]
 Toxin Info    Neurotoxic enhancer CSTX-13 Inhibition rate . [2], [3], [4], [5]
 Toxin Info    Delta/kappa-actitoxin-Avd4a Inhibition rate . [6- 11]
 Toxin Info    Potassium channel toxin gamma-KTx 2.1 Inhibition rate . [12- 21]
 Toxin Info    Potassium channel toxin gamma-KTx 2.1 Inhibition rate . [12- 21]
 Toxin Info    Beta/kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg1a Inhibition rate . [22- 26]
 Toxin Info    Potassium channel toxin alpha-KTx 15.3 Inhibition rate
40 %
[27- 31]
 Toxin Info    Delta-theraphotoxin-Hm1a Inhibition rate
43 %
[32], [33], [34], [35]
 Toxin Info    Potassium channel toxin alpha-KTx 15.3 Inhibition rate
80 - 90 %
[27- 31]
 Toxin Info    Beta/kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg2a IC50
9.6 nM
[23- 38]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Ps1a IC50
28 nM
[39], [40], [41]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Pg1a IC50
39 nM
[42], [43], [44], [45]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-theraphotoxin-Ps1b IC50
71 nM
[39]
 Toxin Info    Beta/kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg2a IC50
425.1 nM
[23- 46]
 Toxin Info    Beta/kappa-theraphotoxin-Cg2a IC50
425.1 nM
[23- 38]
References
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Ref 2 The Dual Prey-Inactivation Strategy of Spiders-In-Depth Venomic Analysis of Cupiennius salei. Toxins (Basel). 2019 Mar 19;11(3):167. doi: 10.3390/toxins11030167.
Ref 3 CSTX-13, a highly synergistically acting two-chain neurotoxic enhancer in the venom of the spider Cupiennius salei (Ctenidae). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 3;101(31):11251-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0402226101. Epub 2004 Jul 22.
Ref 4 Spider venom: enhancement of venom efficacy mediated by different synergistic strategies in Cupiennius salei. J Exp Biol. 2005 Jun;208(Pt 11):2115-21. doi: 10.1242/jeb.01594.
Ref 5 Neurotoxin Merging: A Strategy Deployed by the Venom of the Spider Cupiennius salei to Potentiate Toxicity on Insects. Toxins (Basel). 2020 Apr 12;12(4):250. doi: 10.3390/toxins12040250.
Ref 6 Sea anemone peptides with a specific blocking activity against the fast inactivating potassium channel Kv3.4. J Biol Chem. 1998 Mar 20;273(12):6744-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.12.6744.
Ref 7 Modulation of Kv3 subfamily potassium currents by the sea anemone toxin BDS: significance for CNS and biophysical studies. J Neurosci. 2005 Sep 21;25(38):8735-45. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2119-05.2005.
Ref 8 Modulation of neuronal sodium channels by the sea anemone peptide BDS-I. J Neurophysiol. 2012 Jun;107(11):3155-67. doi: 10.1152/jn.00785.2011. Epub 2012 Mar 21.
Ref 9 Development of a rational nomenclature for naming peptide and protein toxins from sea anemones. Toxicon. 2012 Sep 15;60(4):539-50. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.05.020. Epub 2012 Jun 5.
Ref 10 A proton nuclear magnetic resonance study of the antihypertensive and antiviral protein BDS-I from the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata: sequential and stereospecific resonance assignment and secondary structure. Biochemistry. 1989 Mar 7;28(5):2178-87. doi: 10.1021/bi00431a032.
Ref 11 Determination of the three-dimensional solution structure of the antihypertensive and antiviral protein BDS-I from the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata: a study using nuclear magnetic resonance and hybrid distance geometry-dynamical simulated annealing. Biochemistry. 1989 Mar 7;28(5):2188-98. doi: 10.1021/bi00431a033.
Ref 12 An ERG channel inhibitor from the scorpion Buthus eupeus. J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 30;276(13):9868-76. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M005973200. Epub 2001 Jan 2.
Ref 13 M-type K+ current inhibition by a toxin fron the scorpion Buthus eupeus. FEBS Lett. 1996 Apr 22;384(3):277-80. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00333-x.
Ref 14 BeKm-1 is a HERG-specific toxin that shares the structure with ChTx but the mechanism of action with ErgTx1. Biophys J. 2003 May;84(5):3022-36. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(03)70028-9.
Ref 15 Preferential closed channel blockade of HERG potassium currents by chemically synthesised BeKm-1 scorpion toxin. FEBS Lett. 2003 Jul 17;547(1-3):20-6. doi: 10.1016/s0014-5793(03)00662-8.
Ref 16 Unique interaction of scorpion toxins with the hERG channel. J Mol Recognit. 2004 May-Jun;17(3):209-17. doi: 10.1002/jmr.667.
Ref 17 Species diversity and peptide toxins blocking selectivity of ether-a-go-go-related gene subfamily K+ channels in the central nervous system. Mol Pharmacol. 2006 May;69(5):1673-83. doi: 10.1124/mol.105.019729. Epub 2006 Feb 23.
Ref 18 BeKm-1, a peptide inhibitor of human ether-a-go-go-related gene potassium currents, prolongs QTc intervals in isolated rabbit heart. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011 Apr;337(1):2-8. doi: 10.1124/jpet.110.176883. Epub 2010 Dec 23.
Ref 19 A large number of novel Ergtoxin-like genes and ERG K+-channels blocking peptides from scorpions of the genus Centruroides. FEBS Lett. 2002 Dec 4;532(1-2):121-6. doi: 10.1016/s0014-5793(02)03652-9.
Ref 20 Interaction simulation of hERG K+ channel with its specific BeKm-1 peptide: insights into the selectivity of molecular recognition. J Proteome Res. 2007 Feb;6(2):611-20. doi: 10.1021/pr060368g.
Ref 21 New binding site on common molecular scaffold provides HERG channel specificity of scorpion toxin BeKm-1. J Biol Chem. 2002 Nov 8;277(45):43104-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M204083200. Epub 2002 Jul 31.
Ref 22 Jingzhaotoxin-III, a novel spider toxin inhibiting activation of voltage-gated sodium channel in rat cardiac myocytes. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jun 18;279(25):26220-6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M401387200. Epub 2004 Apr 14.
Ref 23 Molecular diversity and evolution of cystine knot toxins of the tarantula Chilobrachys jingzhao. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2008 Aug;65(15):2431-44. doi: 10.1007/s00018-008-8135-x.
Ref 24 Proteomic and peptidomic analysis of the venom from Chinese tarantula Chilobrachys jingzhao. Proteomics. 2007 Jun;7(11):1892-907. doi: 10.1002/pmic.200600785.
Ref 25 Effects and mechanism of Chinese tarantula toxins on the Kv2.1 potassium channels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Jan 19;352(3):799-804. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.11.086. Epub 2006 Nov 27.
Ref 26 Solution structure of Jingzhaotoxin-III, a peptide toxin inhibiting both Nav1.5 and Kv2.1 channels. Toxicon. 2007 Jul;50(1):135-43. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.03.006. Epub 2007 Mar 16.
Ref 27 Expanding the scorpion toxin alpha-KTX 15 family with AmmTX3 from Androctonus mauretanicus. Eur J Biochem. 2002 Dec;269(24):6037-41. doi: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03294.x.
Ref 28 A common "hot spot" confers hERG blockade activity to alpha-scorpion toxins affecting K+ channels. Biochem Pharmacol. 2008 Sep 15;76(6):805-15. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.07.008. Epub 2008 Jul 18.
Ref 29 Dipeptidyl-peptidase-like-proteins confer high sensitivity to the scorpion toxin AmmTX3 to Kv4-mediated A-type K+ channels. J Physiol. 2013 May 15;591(10):2419-27. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.248831. Epub 2013 Feb 25.
Ref 30 Kv4 channel blockade reduces motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms in rodent models of Parkinson's disease. Behav Pharmacol. 2015 Feb;26(1-2):91-100. doi: 10.1097/FBP.0000000000000107.
Ref 31 Synthesis by native chemical ligation and characterization of the scorpion toxin AmmTx3. Bioorg Med Chem. 2019 Jan 1;27(1):247-253. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.12.009. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Ref 32 Novel tarantula toxins for subtypes of voltage-dependent potassium channels in the Kv2 and Kv4 subfamilies. Mol Pharmacol. 2002 Jul;62(1):48-57. doi: 10.1124/mol.62.1.48.
Ref 33 Selective spider toxins reveal a role for the Nav1.1 channel in mechanical pain. Nature. 2016 Jun 23;534(7608):494-9. doi: 10.1038/nature17976. Epub 2016 Jun 6.
Ref 34 A selective Na(V)1.1 activator with potential for treatment of Dravet syndrome epilepsy. Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Nov;181:113991. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113991. Epub 2020 Apr 23.
Ref 35 Selective Na(V)1.1 activation rescues Dravet syndrome mice from seizures and premature death. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Aug 21;115(34):E8077-E8085. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1804764115. Epub 2018 Aug 3.
Ref 36 Isolation and characterization of Jingzhaotoxin-V, a novel neurotoxin from the venom of the spider Chilobrachys jingzhao. Toxicon. 2007 Mar 1;49(3):388-99. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.10.012. Epub 2006 Nov 6.
Ref 37 Molecular surface of JZTX-V (-Theraphotoxin-Cj2a) interacting with voltage-gated sodium channel subtype NaV1.4. Toxins (Basel). 2014 Jul 23;6(7):2177-93. doi: 10.3390/toxins6072177.
Ref 38 Pharmacological characterization of potent and selective NaV1.7 inhibitors engineered from Chilobrachys jingzhao tarantula venom peptide JzTx-V. PLoS One. 2018 May 3;13(5):e0196791. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196791. eCollection 2018.
Ref 39 Effects of phrixotoxins on the Kv4 family of potassium channels and implications for the role of Ito1 in cardiac electrogenesis. Br J Pharmacol. 1999 Jan;126(1):251-63. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702283.
Ref 40 Studies examining the relationship between the chemical structure of protoxin II and its activity on voltage gated sodium channels. J Med Chem. 2014 Aug 14;57(15):6623-31. doi: 10.1021/jm500687u. Epub 2014 Jul 24.
Ref 41 Solution structure of Phrixotoxin 1, a specific peptide inhibitor of Kv4 potassium channels from the venom of the theraphosid spider Phrixotrichus auratus. Protein Sci. 2004 May;13(5):1197-208. doi: 10.1110/ps.03584304.
Ref 42 Blockers of the delayed-rectifier potassium current in pancreatic beta-cells enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion. Diabetes. 2006 Apr;55(4):1034-42. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-0788.
Ref 43 Gating modifier peptides as probes of pancreatic beta-cell physiology. Toxicon. 2007 Feb;49(2):231-8. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.09.012. Epub 2006 Sep 23.
Ref 44 A KV2.1 gating modifier binding assay suitable for high throughput screening. Channels (Austin). 2009 Nov;3(6):437-47. doi: 10.4161/chan.3.6.10201.
Ref 45 Solution structure of GxTX-1E, a high-affinity tarantula toxin interacting with voltage sensors in Kv2.1 potassium channels. Biochemistry. 2010 Jun 29;49(25):5134-42. doi: 10.1021/bi100246u.
Ref 46 [Inhibition of Jingzhaotoxin-V on Kv4.3 channel]. Sheng Li Xue Bao. 2010 Jun 25;62(3):255-60.
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