Target Information

General Information of This Target
Target ID
BTDT00129
Target Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 (Chrna7)
Target Bioclass
Receptor
Uniprot ID
Q05941
3D Structure
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2D Sequence
3D Structure
Source
Predict by Alphafold2
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Alphafold Parameters: msa_mode: mmseqs2_uniref_env model_type: auto num_recycles: auto
Gene Name
Chrna7
Gene ID
25302
Synonym
Acra7
Sequence
MCGGRGGIWLALAAALLHVSLQGEFQRRLYKELVKNYNPLERPVANDSQPLTVYFSLSLL
QIMDVDEKNQVLTTNIWLQMSWTDHYLQWNMSEYPGVKNVRFPDGQIWKPDILLYNSADE
RFDATFHTNVLVNASGHCQYLPPGIFKSSCYIDVRWFPFDVQQCKLKFGSWSYGGWSLDL
QMQEADISSYIPNGEWDLMGIPGKRNEKFYECCKEPYPDVTYTVTMRRRTLYYGLNLLIP
CVLISALALLVFLLPADSGEKISLGITVLLSLTVFMLLVAEIMPATSDSVPLIAQYFAST
MIIVGLSVVVTVIVLRYHHHDPDGGKMPKWTRIILLNWCAWFLRMKRPGEDKVRPACQHK
PRRCSLASVELSAGAGPPTSNGNLLYIGFRGLEGMHCAPTPDSGVVCGRLACSPTHDEHL
MHGAHPSDGDPDLAKILEEVRYIANRFRCQDESEVICSEWKFAACVVDRLCLMAFSVFTI
ICTIGILMSAPNFVEAVSKDFA

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Family
the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family
Function
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane. The channel is blocked by alpha-bungarotoxin.

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Taxonomy ID
10116
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Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Muridae
Genus: Rattus
Species: Rattus norvegicus
Toxin Information Related to This Target
                           Toxin Name Activity Data Type Activity Data Reference
 Toxin Info    Alpha-conotoxin Mr1.1 Inhibition rate
65 %
 [1], [2], [3]
 Toxin Info    Alpha-conotoxin OmIA IC50
27.1 - 59 nM
 [4], [5], [6], [7]
 Toxin Info    Alpha-conotoxin RegIIA IC50
41 - 61.2 nM
 [5- 13]
 Toxin Info    Alpha-conotoxin AnIB IC50
76 nM
 [14], [15]
 Toxin Info    Alpha-conotoxin TxIA IC50
392 nM
 [16], [17]
 Toxin Info    Conotoxin Bt1.8 IC50
>10 μM
 [18]
 Toxin Info    Alpha-conotoxin CIB IC50
1.511 μM
 [19], [20]
 Toxin Info    Oxiana weak toxin IC50
2.2 μM
 [21], [22]
 Toxin Info    Alpha-conotoxin LvIA IC50
3 μM
 [23], [24], [25], [26]
 Toxin Info    Alpha-conotoxin Vc1a IC50
7.1 μM
 [27- 43]
References
Ref 1 From the identification of gene organization of alpha conotoxins to the cloning of novel toxins. Toxicon. 2007 Jun 15;49(8):1135-49. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.02.011. Epub 2007 Mar 1.
Ref 2 Chemical synthesis and characterization of two 4/7-conotoxins. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2010 Oct;42(10):745-53. doi: 10.1093/abbs/gmq074. Epub 2010 Aug 27.
Ref 3 Mechanism of Action and Structure-Activity Relationship of -Conotoxin Mr1.1 at the Human 910 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor. J Med Chem. 2022 Dec 22;65(24):16204-16217. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00494. Epub 2022 Sep 22.
Ref 4 Alpha-conotoxin OmIA is a potent ligand for the acetylcholine-binding protein as well as alpha3beta2 and alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 25;281(34):24678-86. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M602969200. Epub 2006 Jun 27.
Ref 5 Species specificity of rat and human 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors towards different classes of peptide and protein antagonists. Neuropharmacology. 2018 Sep 1;139:226-237. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.07.019. Epub 2018 Jul 17.
Ref 6 Unique Pharmacological Properties of -Conotoxin OmIA at 7 nAChRs. Front Pharmacol. 2021 Dec 8;12:803397. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.803397. eCollection 2021.
Ref 7 Solution conformation of a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist alpha-conotoxin OmIA that discriminates alpha3 vs. alpha6 nAChR subtypes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Jun 23;345(1):248-54. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.04.099. Epub 2006 Apr 27.
Ref 8 RegIIA: an 4/7-conotoxin from the venom of Conus regius that potently blocks 34 nAChRs. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 Feb 1;83(3):419-26. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.11.006. Epub 2011 Nov 16.
Ref 9 Hyperhydroxylation: a new strategy for neuronal targeting by venomous marine molluscs. Prog Mol Subcell Biol. 2006;43:83-103. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-30880-5_4.
Ref 10 Alanine scan of -conotoxin RegIIA reveals a selective 34 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. J Biol Chem. 2015 Jan 9;290(2):1039-48. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.605592. Epub 2014 Nov 19.
Ref 11 Molecular Basis for Differential Sensitivity of -Conotoxin RegIIA at Rat and Human Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Mol Pharmacol. 2015 Dec;88(6):993-1001. doi: 10.1124/mol.115.100503. Epub 2015 Oct 5.
Ref 12 Key Structural Determinants in the Agonist Binding Loops of Human 2 and 4 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunits Contribute to 34 Subtype Selectivity of -Conotoxins. J Biol Chem. 2016 Nov 4;291(45):23779-23792. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.730804. Epub 2016 Sep 19.
Ref 13 Rational Design of -Conotoxin RegIIA Analogues Selectively Inhibiting the Human 32 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor through Computational Scanning. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2020 Sep 16;11(18):2804-2811. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00293. Epub 2020 Sep 3.
Ref 14 Chemical and functional identification and characterization of novel sulfated alpha-conotoxins from the cone snail Conus anemone. J Med Chem. 2004 Feb 26;47(5):1234-41. doi: 10.1021/jm031010o.
Ref 15 Posttranslational modifications of -conotoxins: sulfotyrosine and C-terminal amidation stabilise structures and increase acetylcholine receptor binding. RSC Med Chem. 2021 Jul 26;12(9):1574-1584. doi: 10.1039/d1md00182e. eCollection 2021 Sep 23.
Ref 16 AChBP-targeted alpha-conotoxin correlates distinct binding orientations with nAChR subtype selectivity. EMBO J. 2007 Aug 22;26(16):3858-67. doi: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601785. Epub 2007 Jul 26.
Ref 17 Secretion and maturation of conotoxins in the venom ducts of Conus textile. Toxicon. 2012 Dec 15;60(8):1370-9. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.09.013. Epub 2012 Sep 29.
Ref 18 -Conotoxin Bt1.8 from Conus betulinus selectively inhibits 6/323 and 32 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. J Neurochem. 2021 Oct;159(1):90-100. doi: 10.1111/jnc.15434. Epub 2021 Jun 22.
Ref 19 Evolution of Conus peptide genes: duplication and positive selection in the A-superfamily. J Mol Evol. 2010 Feb;70(2):190-202. doi: 10.1007/s00239-010-9321-7. Epub 2010 Feb 9.
Ref 20 Synthesis, Structure and Biological Activity of CIA and CIB, Two -Conotoxins from the Predation-Evoked Venom of Conus catus. Toxins (Basel). 2018 Jun 1;10(6):222. doi: 10.3390/toxins10060222.
Ref 21 [New weak toxins from the cobra venom]. Bioorg Khim. 2009 Jan-Feb;35(1):15-24. doi: 10.1134/s1068162009010026.
Ref 22 Neurotoxins from snake venoms and -conotoxin ImI inhibit functionally active ionotropic -aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors. J Biol Chem. 2015 Sep 11;290(37):22747-58. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.648824. Epub 2015 Jul 28.
Ref 23 A novel 4/7-conotoxin LvIA from Conus lividus that selectively blocks 32 vs. 6/323 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. FASEB J. 2014 Apr;28(4):1842-53. doi: 10.1096/fj.13-244103. Epub 2014 Jan 7.
Ref 24 Recombinant Expression and Characterization of -Conotoxin LvIA in Escherichia coli. Mar Drugs. 2016 Jan 5;14(1):11. doi: 10.3390/md14010011.
Ref 25 -Conotoxins Identify the 34* Subtype as the Predominant Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Expressed in Human Adrenal Chromaffin Cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2015 Nov;88(5):881-93. doi: 10.1124/mol.115.100982. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
Ref 26 Correction to "-Conotoxins Identify the 34* Subtype as the Predominant Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Expressed in Human Adrenal Chromaffin Cells". Mol Pharmacol. 2016 Feb;89(2):322. doi: 10.1124/mol.115.100982err.
Ref 27 A novel alpha-conotoxin identified by gene sequencing is active in suppressing the vascular response to selective stimulation of sensory nerves in vivo. Biochemistry. 2003 Jun 10;42(22):6904-11. doi: 10.1021/bi034043e.
Ref 28 Determining sequences and post-translational modifications of novel conotoxins in Conus victoriae using cDNA sequencing and mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom. 2004 May;39(5):548-57. doi: 10.1002/jms.624.
Ref 29 A conus peptide blocks nicotinic receptors of unmyelinated axons in human nerves. Neuroreport. 2005 Apr 4;16(5):479-83. doi: 10.1097/00001756-200504040-00012.
Ref 30 Molecular mechanism for analgesia involving specific antagonism of alpha9alpha10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Nov 21;103(47):17880-4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608715103. Epub 2006 Nov 13.
Ref 31 Are alpha9alpha10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors a pain target for alpha-conotoxins?. Mol Pharmacol. 2007 Dec;72(6):1406-10. doi: 10.1124/mol.107.040568. Epub 2007 Sep 5.
Ref 32 Analgesic alpha-conotoxins Vc1.1 and Rg1A inhibit N-type calcium channels in rat sensory neurons via GABAB receptor activation. J Neurosci. 2008 Oct 22;28(43):10943-51. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3594-08.2008.
Ref 33 Scanning mutagenesis of alpha-conotoxin Vc1.1 reveals residues crucial for activity at the alpha9alpha10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jul 24;284(30):20275-84. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.015339. Epub 2009 May 15.
Ref 34 Determination of the -conotoxin Vc1.1 binding site on the 910 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. J Med Chem. 2013 May 9;56(9):3557-67. doi: 10.1021/jm400041h. Epub 2013 Apr 29.
Ref 35 Structure-Activity Studies of Cysteine-Rich -Conotoxins that Inhibit High-Voltage-Activated Calcium Channels via GABA(B) Receptor Activation Reveal a Minimal Functional Motif. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2016 Apr 4;55(15):4692-6. doi: 10.1002/anie.201600297. Epub 2016 Mar 7.
Ref 36 Cyclic analogues of -conotoxin Vc1.1 inhibit colonic nociceptors and provide analgesia in a mouse model of chronic abdominal pain. Br J Pharmacol. 2018 Jun;175(12):2384-2398. doi: 10.1111/bph.14115. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
Ref 37 Dimerization of -Conotoxins as a Strategy to Enhance the Inhibition of the Human 7 and 910 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. J Med Chem. 2020 Mar 26;63(6):2974-2985. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01536. Epub 2020 Mar 17.
Ref 38 The synthesis, structural characterization, and receptor specificity of the alpha-conotoxin Vc1.1. J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 11;281(32):23254-63. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M604550200. Epub 2006 Jun 5.
Ref 39 The engineering of an orally active conotoxin for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2010 Sep 3;49(37):6545-8. doi: 10.1002/anie.201000620.
Ref 40 Dicarba -conotoxin Vc1.1 analogues with differential selectivity for nicotinic acetylcholine and GABAB receptors. ACS Chem Biol. 2013 Aug 16;8(8):1815-21. doi: 10.1021/cb4002393. Epub 2013 Jun 17.
Ref 41 Racemic and quasi-racemic X-ray structures of cyclic disulfide-rich peptide drug scaffolds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2014 Oct 13;53(42):11236-41. doi: 10.1002/anie.201406563. Epub 2014 Aug 28.
Ref 42 Less is More: Design of a Highly Stable Disulfide-Deleted Mutant of Analgesic Cyclic -Conotoxin Vc1.1. Sci Rep. 2015 Aug 20;5:13264. doi: 10.1038/srep13264.
Ref 43 Structure-Activity Studies Reveal the Molecular Basis for GABA(B)-Receptor Mediated Inhibition of High Voltage-Activated Calcium Channels by -Conotoxin Vc1.1. ACS Chem Biol. 2018 Jun 15;13(6):1577-1587. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00190. Epub 2018 May 25.
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