Target Information

General Information of This Target
Target ID
BTDT00209
Target Name
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 (KCNQ2);Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 3 (KCNQ3)
Target Bioclass
Transporter and channel
Uniprot ID
O43526 ; O43525
3D Structure
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2D Sequence
3D Structure
Source
Predict by Alphafold2
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Alphafold Parameters: msa_mode: mmseqs2_uniref_env model_type: auto num_recycles: auto
Gene Name
KCNQ2;KCNQ3
Gene ID
3785 ; 3786
Synonym 1
KQT-like 2; Neuroblastoma-specific potassium channel subunit alpha KvLQT2; Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kv7.2
Synonym 2
KQT-like 3; Potassium channel subunit alpha KvLQT3; Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kv7.3
Sequence 1
MVQKSRNGGVYPGPSGEKKLKVGFVGLDPGAPDSTRDGALLIAGSEAPKRGSILSKPRAG
GAGAGKPPKRNAFYRKLQNFLYNVLERPRGWAFIYHAYVFLLVFSCLVLSVFSTIKEYEK
SSEGALYILEIVTIVVFGVEYFVRIWAAGCCCRYRGWRGRLKFARKPFCVIDIMVLIASI
AVLAAGSQGNVFATSALRSLRFLQILRMIRMDRRGGTWKLLGSVVYAHSKELVTAWYIGF
LCLILASFLVYLAEKGENDHFDTYADALWWGLITLTTIGYGDKYPQTWNGRLLAATFTLI
GVSFFALPAGILGSGFALKVQEQHRQKHFEKRRNPAAGLIQSAWRFYATNLSRTDLHSTW
QYYERTVTVPMYSSQTQTYGASRLIPPLNQLELLRNLKSKSGLAFRKDPPPEPSPSKGSP
CRGPLCGCCPGRSSQKVSLKDRVFSSPRGVAAKGKGSPQAQTVRRSPSADQSLEDSPSKV
PKSWSFGDRSRARQAFRIKGAASRQNSEEASLPGEDIVDDKSCPCEFVTEDLTPGLKVSI
RAVCVMRFLVSKRKFKESLRPYDVMDVIEQYSAGHLDMLSRIKSLQSRVDQIVGRGPAIT
DKDRTKGPAEAELPEDPSMMGRLGKVEKQVLSMEKKLDFLVNIYMQRMGIPPTETEAYFG
AKEPEPAPPYHSPEDSREHVDRHGCIVKIVRSSSSTGQKNFSAPPAAPPVQCPPSTSWQP
QSHPRQGHGTSPVGDHGSLVRIPPPPAHERSLSAYGGGNRASMEFLRQEDTPGCRPPEGN
LRDSDTSISIPSVDHEELERSFSGFSISQSKENLDALNSCYAAVAPCAKVRPYIAEGESD
TDSDLCTPCGPPPRSATGEGPFGDVGWAGPRK

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Sequence 2
MGLKARRAAGAAGGGGDGGGGGGGAANPAGGDAAAAGDEERKVGLAPGDVEQVTLALGAG
ADKDGTLLLEGGGRDEGQRRTPQGIGLLAKTPLSRPVKRNNAKYRRIQTLIYDALERPRG
WALLYHALVFLIVLGCLILAVLTTFKEYETVSGDWLLLLETFAIFIFGAEFALRIWAAGC
CCRYKGWRGRLKFARKPLCMLDIFVLIASVPVVAVGNQGNVLATSLRSLRFLQILRMLRM
DRRGGTWKLLGSAICAHSKELITAWYIGFLTLILSSFLVYLVEKDVPEVDAQGEEMKEEF
ETYADALWWGLITLATIGYGDKTPKTWEGRLIAATFSLIGVSFFALPAGILGSGLALKVQ
EQHRQKHFEKRRKPAAELIQAAWRYYATNPNRIDLVATWRFYESVVSFPFFRKEQLEAAS
SQKLGLLDRVRLSNPRGSNTKGKLFTPLNVDAIEESPSKEPKPVGLNNKERFRTAFRMKA
YAFWQSSEDAGTGDPMAEDRGYGNDFPIEDMIPTLKAAIRAVRILQFRLYKKKFKETLRP
YDVKDVIEQYSAGHLDMLSRIKYLQTRIDMIFTPGPPSTPKHKKSQKGSAFTFPSQQSPR
NEPYVARPSTSEIEDQSMMGKFVKVERQVQDMGKKLDFLVDMHMQHMERLQVQVTEYYPT
KGTSSPAEAEKKEDNRYSDLKTIICNYSETGPPEPPYSFHQVTIDKVSPYGFFAHDPVNL
PRGGPSSGKVQATPPSSATTYVERPTVLPILTLLDSRVSCHSQADLQGPYSDRISPRQRR
SITRDSDTPLSLMSVNHEELERSPSGFSISQDRDDYVFGPNGGSSWMREKRYLAEGETDT
DTDPFTPSGSMPLSSTGDGISDSVWTPSNKPI

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Family1
the potassium channel family
Family2
the potassium channel family
Function 1
Associates with KCNQ3 to form a potassium channel with essentially identical properties to the channel underlying the native M-current, a slowly activating and deactivating potassium conductance which plays a critical role in determining the subthreshold electrical excitability of neurons as well as the responsiveness to synaptic inputs. Therefore, it is important in the regulation of neuronal excitability. KCNQ2/KCNQ3 current is blocked by linopirdine and XE991, and activated by the anticonvulsant retigabine. As the native M-channel, the potassium channel composed of KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 is also suppressed by activation of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor CHRM1. KCNQ2-KCNQ3 channel is selectively permeable to other cations besides potassium, in decreasing order of affinity K(+) > Rb(+) > Cs(+) > Na(+). Associates with Na(+)-coupled myo-inositol symporter SLC5A3 forming a coregulatory complex that alters ion selectivity, increasing Na(+) and Cs(+) permeation relative to K(+) permeation.

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Function 2
Associates with KCNQ2 or KCNQ5 to form a potassium channel with essentially identical properties to the channel underlying the native M-current, a slowly activating and deactivating potassium conductance which plays a critical role in determining the subthreshold electrical excitability of neurons as well as the responsiveness to synaptic inputs. Therefore, it is important in the regulation of neuronal excitability. KCNQ2-KCNQ3 channel is selectively permeable to other cations besides potassium, in decreasing order of affinity K(+) > Rb(+) > Cs(+) > Na(+). Associates with Na(+)-coupled myo-inositol symporter SLC5A3 forming a coregulatory complex that alters ion selectivity, increasing Na(+) and Cs(+) permeation relative to K(+) permeation.

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Taxonomy ID
9606
TCDB ID
1.A.1.15.2 ; 1.A.1.15.3
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Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens
Toxin Information Related to This Target
                           Toxin Name Activity Data Type Activity Data Reference
 Toxin Info    Kappa-conotoxin RIIIJ Inhibition rate . [1]
 Toxin Info    Kappa-conotoxin RIIIK Inhibition rate . [1]
 Toxin Info    Apamin Inhibition rate . [2- 19]
 Toxin Info    Pi-stichotoxin-Hcr5b Inhibition rate
10 %
 [20]
References
Ref 1 Biochemical characterization of kappaM-RIIIJ, a Kv1.2 channel blocker: evaluation of cardioprotective effects of kappaM-conotoxins. J Biol Chem. 2010 May 14;285(20):14882-14889. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.068486. Epub 2010 Mar 10.
Ref 2 The precursors of the bee venom constituents apamin and MCD peptide are encoded by two genes in tandem which share the same 3'-exon. J Biol Chem. 1995 May 26;270(21):12704-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.21.12704.
Ref 3 The peptide components of bee venom. Eur J Biochem. 1976 Jan 15;61(2):369-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10030.x.
Ref 4 Apamin as a selective blocker of the calcium-dependent potassium channel in neuroblastoma cells: voltage-clamp and biochemical characterization of the toxin receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Feb;79(4):1308-12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.4.1308.
Ref 5 Apamin, a blocker of the calcium-activated potassium channel, induces neurodegeneration of Purkinje cells exclusively. Brain Res. 1997 Dec 19;778(2):405-8. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01165-7.
Ref 6 Determinants of apamin and d-tubocurarine block in SK potassium channels. J Biol Chem. 1997 Sep 12;272(37):23195-200. doi: 10.1074/jbc.272.37.23195.
Ref 7 Pharmacological characterization of small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels stably expressed in HEK 293 cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2000 Mar;129(5):991-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703120.
Ref 8 SK3 is an important component of K(+) channels mediating the afterhyperpolarization in cultured rat SCG neurones. J Physiol. 2001 Sep 1;535(Pt 2):323-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.00323.x.
Ref 9 Apamin interacts with all subtypes of cloned small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels. Pflugers Arch. 2001 Jan;441(4):544-50. doi: 10.1007/s004240000447.
Ref 10 An amino acid outside the pore region influences apamin sensitivity in small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels. J Biol Chem. 2007 Feb 9;282(6):3478-86. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M607213200. Epub 2006 Dec 1.
Ref 11 Apamin reduces neuromuscular transmission by activating inhibitory muscarinic M(2) receptors on motor nerve terminals. Eur J Pharmacol. 2010 Jan 25;626(2-3):239-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.09.064. Epub 2009 Oct 8.
Ref 12 Allosteric block of KCa2 channels by apamin. J Biol Chem. 2010 Aug 27;285(35):27067-27077. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.110072. Epub 2010 Jun 18.
Ref 13 The small neurotoxin apamin blocks not only small conductance Ca(2+) activated K(+) channels (SK type) but also the voltage dependent Kv1.3 channel. Eur Biophys J. 2017 Sep;46(6):517-523. doi: 10.1007/s00249-016-1196-0. Epub 2017 Jan 20.
Ref 14 Apamin inhibits TNF-- and IFN--induced inflammatory cytokines and chemokines via suppressions of NF-B signaling pathway and STAT in human keratinocytes. Pharmacol Rep. 2017 Oct;69(5):1030-1035. doi: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.04.006. Epub 2017 Apr 18.
Ref 15 Apamin Suppresses LPS-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses by Regulating SK Channels and TLR4-Mediated Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jun 17;21(12):4319. doi: 10.3390/ijms21124319.
Ref 16 Apamin from bee venom suppresses inflammation in a murine model of gouty arthritis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020 Jul 15;257:112860. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112860. Epub 2020 Apr 11.
Ref 17 Antioxidative, Antiapoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Apamin in a Murine Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Molecules. 2020 Dec 3;25(23):5717. doi: 10.3390/molecules25235717.
Ref 18 Solution structure of apamin determined by nuclear magnetic resonance and distance geometry. Biochemistry. 1988 Nov 1;27(22):8491-8. doi: 10.1021/bi00422a029.
Ref 19 Binding and toxicity of apamin. Characterization of the active site. Eur J Biochem. 1991 Mar 28;196(3):639-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb15860.x.
Ref 20 A Tale of Toxin Promiscuity: The Versatile Pharmacological Effects of Hcr 1b-2 Sea Anemone Peptide on Voltage-Gated Ion Channels. Mar Drugs. 2022 Feb 17;20(2):147. doi: 10.3390/md20020147.
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