General Information of This Target
Target ID
BTDT10109
Target Name
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) alpha-2-beta-2-gamma-2
Target Bioclass
Receptor
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N.A.
Toxin Information Related to This Target
                           Toxin Name Activity Data Type Activity Data Reference
 Toxin Info    Alpha-elapitoxin-Ls2a Inhibition rate
39 %
[1- 6]
 Toxin Info    Alpha-cobratoxin IC50
485 nM
[4- 23]
References
Ref 1 Complete nucleotide sequences of cDNAs encoding long chain alpha-neurotoxins from sea krait, Laticauda semifasciata. Toxicon. 1999 Jan;37(1):181-5. doi: 10.1016/s0041-0101(98)00181-0.
Ref 2 Molecular evolution and diversification of snake toxin genes, revealed by analysis of intron sequences. Gene. 2003 Aug 14;313:111-8. doi: 10.1016/s0378-1119(03)00637-1.
Ref 3 The primary structure of the toxin Laticauda semifasciata III, a weak and reversibly acting neurotoxin from the venom of a sea snake, Laticauda semifasciata. Biochem J. 1974 Aug;141(2):389-400. doi: 10.1042/bj1410389.
Ref 4 Only snake curaremimetic toxins with a fifth disulfide bond have high affinity for the neuronal alpha7 nicotinic receptor. J Biol Chem. 1997 Sep 26;272(39):24279-86. doi: 10.1074/jbc.272.39.24279.
Ref 5 Neurotoxins from snake venoms and -conotoxin ImI inhibit functionally active ionotropic -aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors. J Biol Chem. 2015 Sep 11;290(37):22747-58. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.648824. Epub 2015 Jul 28.
Ref 6 Solution structure of LSIII, a long neurotoxin from the venom of Laticauda semifasciata. Biochemistry. 1996 Jan 16;35(2):418-26. doi: 10.1021/bi9520287.
Ref 7 Naturally occurring disulfide-bound dimers of three-fingered toxins: a paradigm for biological activity diversification. J Biol Chem. 2008 May 23;283(21):14571-80. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M802085200. Epub 2008 Apr 1.
Ref 8 Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled alpha-cobratoxin. Biochemical characterization and interaction with acetylcholine receptor from Electrophorus electricus. J Biol Chem. 1980 Aug 10;255(15):7326-32.
Ref 9 The sites of neurotoxicity in alpha-cobratoxin. J Biol Chem. 1983 Jul 25;258(14):8714-22.
Ref 10 alpha-Cobratoxin blocks the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in rat hippocampal neurons. Eur J Pharmacol. 1990 Dec 4;191(3):505-6. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(90)94190-9.
Ref 11 alpha-Bungarotoxin, kappa-bungarotoxin, alpha-cobratoxin and erabutoxin-b do not affect [3H]acetylcholine release from the rat isolated left hemidiaphragm. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;352(6):646-52. doi: 10.1007/BF00171324.
Ref 12 Effects of alpha-erabutoxin, alpha-bungarotoxin, alpha-cobratoxin and fasciculin on the nicotine-evoked release of dopamine in the rat striatum in vivo. Neurochem Int. 1998 Oct;33(4):307-12. doi: 10.1016/s0197-0186(98)00033-3.
Ref 13 Variability among the sites by which curaremimetic toxins bind to torpedo acetylcholine receptor, as revealed by identification of the functional residues of alpha-cobratoxin. J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 3;274(49):34851-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.49.34851.
Ref 14 Molecular determinants by which a long chain toxin from snake venom interacts with the neuronal alpha 7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. J Biol Chem. 2000 Sep 22;275(38):29594-601. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M909746199.
Ref 15 Species specificity of rat and human 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors towards different classes of peptide and protein antagonists. Neuropharmacology. 2018 Sep 1;139:226-237. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.07.019. Epub 2018 Jul 17.
Ref 16 Experimentally based model of a complex between a snake toxin and the alpha 7 nicotinic receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Mar 5;99(5):3216-21. doi: 10.1073/pnas.042699899. Epub 2002 Feb 26.
Ref 17 Three-dimensional structure of the "long" neurotoxin from cobra venom. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 May;77(5):2400-4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.5.2400.
Ref 18 The refined crystal structure of alpha-cobratoxin from Naja naja siamensis at 2.4-A resolution. J Biol Chem. 1991 Nov 15;266(32):21530-6. doi: 10.2210/pdb2ctx/pdb.
Ref 19 Rapid determination and NMR assignments of antiparallel sheets and helices of a scorpion and a cobra toxin. Int J Pept Protein Res. 1990 Sep;36(3):227-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1990.tb00971.x.
Ref 20 Alpha-cobratoxin: proton NMR assignments and solution structure. Biochemistry. 1992 May 26;31(20):4867-75. doi: 10.1021/bi00135a018.
Ref 21 NMR-based binding screen and structural analysis of the complex formed between alpha-cobratoxin and an 18-mer cognate peptide derived from the alpha 1 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo californica. J Biol Chem. 2002 Oct 4;277(40):37439-45. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M205483200. Epub 2002 Jul 19.
Ref 22 Crystal structure of a Cbtx-AChBP complex reveals essential interactions between snake alpha-neurotoxins and nicotinic receptors. EMBO J. 2005 Apr 20;24(8):1512-22. doi: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600620. Epub 2005 Mar 24.
Ref 23 Dimeric -cobratoxin X-ray structure: localization of intermolecular disulfides and possible mode of binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J Biol Chem. 2012 Feb 24;287(9):6725-34. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.322313. Epub 2012 Jan 5.
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